Concrete is an engineering material that simulates the properties of rock and is a combination of particles closely bound together. It is simply a blend of aggregates, normally natural sand and gravel or crushed rock.

The principal ingredients that make up the concrete mix are: cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, chemical admixtures, and mineral admixtures. Concrete used in construction may also contain reinforcing bars, welded wire fabric (wire mesh), and various reinforcing fibers.

Early Use of Concrete The first concrete-like structures were built by the Nabataea traders or Bedouins who occupied and controlled a series of oases and developed a small empire in the regions of southern Syria and northern Jordan in around 6500 BC.

Concrete is used in the following: basic foundations, exterior surfaces, superstructures, floor construction, wastewater treatment facilities, and parking lots/structures. To determine the quality of cement, the factors include the accuracy of placement, appearance, and consolidation.